Day: April 13, 2022

In general, if the atoms that make up the ring contain heteroatoms, such rings become heterocycles, and organic compounds containing heterocycles are called heterocyclic compounds. An article called Monodisperse mesoporous La2O3 flakes for the synthesis of glycerol carbonate by efficiently catalyzing the transesterification of dimethyl carbonate with glycerol, published in 2019-12-31, which mentions a compound: 931-40-8, Name is 4-(Hydroxymethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, Molecular C4H6O4, Synthetic Route of C4H6O4.

Monodisperse mesoporous La2O3 flakes were prepared by hydrothermal methods using polyethylene glycol as pore-expanding agent, the catalyst exhibited better catalytic activity than normal La2O3 in the reaction of glycerol and di-Me carbonate to produce glycerol carbonate. The influence of the mol. weight of polyethylene glycol and the mass ratio of La(NO3)3·6H2O/polyethylene glycol on the catalyst was investigated. The results showed that the morphol. of La2O3 was remolded to porous flakes interestingly by the suitable type and dosage of pore-expanding agent, this change made the La2O3 catalyst particles have higher alkalinity, better crystallinity, larger sp. surface area and good dispersion, which greatly improved the catalytic performance of the catalyst. In addition, the optimal reaction conditions were studied. As a result, the as-prepared porous La2O3 modified by polyethylene glycol-20000 showed excellent catalytic performance with high glycerol carbonate yield of 99.4% under the optimal reaction conditions as follows: the glycerol/dimethyl carbonate molar ratio was 1:5, the catalyst dosage was 5.0 wt% to glycerol, the reaction temperature was 85°C and the reaction time was 0.5 h. The catalyst had outstanding stability after six cycle reactions with almost no loss of catalytic activity. Thereby, the catalyst was considered to possess the promising potential in industrial production for catalyzing glycerol to the high value-added chem. glycerol carbonate.

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Reference:
Chiral Catalysts,
Chiral catalysts – SlideShare

Category: chiral-catalyst. The reaction of aromatic heterocyclic molecules with protons is called protonation. Aromatic heterocycles are more basic than benzene due to the participation of heteroatoms. Compound: 2-Chloroethyl acetate, is researched, Molecular C4H7ClO2, CAS is 542-58-5, about Synthesis and study of S-(acetoxyethyl) O,O-dialkyl phosphorodithioates as antiwear and antiscratching additives for lubricating oil. Author is Kulieva, M. A.; Gasymova, G. A.; Ibadzade, A. G..

Addition of 5% AcOCH2CH2SP(S)(OPr-iso)2 (I) [101212-33-3] to lubricating oil increased the normal seize stress in a 4-ball tester from 159 to 447 kg. At the same time, the diameter of worn spots on the tester counter-body decreased from 0.72 to 0.40 mm (4 h test). The preparation of I involved condensation of (iso-P2O)2 P(S)SNa [27205-99-8] with AcOCH2Cl [542-58-5]; the yield was 90%. Similarly, AcOCH2CH2SP(S) (OC5H11-iso)2  [101212-34-4] was obtained in 90% yield.

Although many compounds look similar to this compound(542-58-5)Category: chiral-catalyst, numerous studies have shown that this compound(SMILES:CC(OCCCl)=O), has unique advantages. If you want to know more about similar compounds, you can read my other articles.

Reference:
Chiral Catalysts,
Chiral catalysts – SlideShare

Most of the natural products isolated at present are heterocyclic compounds, so heterocyclic compounds occupy an important position in the research of organic chemistry. A compound: 13925-00-3, is researched, SMILESS is CCC1=NC=CN=C1, Molecular C6H8N2Journal, Journal of Materials Chemistry C: Materials for Optical and Electronic Devices called Single crystal to single crystal transformation of spin-crossover coordination polymers from 3D frameworks to 2D layers, Author is Gong, Yu; Han, Wang-Kang; Lu, Hui-Shu; Hu, Qing-Tao; Tu, Huan; Li, Pei-Ni; Yan, Xiaodong; Gu, Zhi-Guo, the main research direction is iron pyrazine cyanopalladate cyanoplatinate single crystal transformation spin crossover; crystal structure iron ethylpyrazine methoxypyrazine platinum palladium cyano polymer.Reference of 2-Ethylpyrazine.

A ligand exchange induced single crystal to single crystal (SCSC) transformation from 3-dimensional Hofmann-type frameworks [Fe(ep)M(CN)4] (ep = ethylpyrazine; M = Pt, Pd) to 2-dimensional layer networks [Fe(mp)2M(CN)4] (m.p. = methoxypyrazine) was observed The different pillar-ligands showed a significant influence on the structural assembly and spin-crossover properties.

Although many compounds look similar to this compound(13925-00-3)Reference of 2-Ethylpyrazine, numerous studies have shown that this compound(SMILES:CCC1=NC=CN=C1), has unique advantages. If you want to know more about similar compounds, you can read my other articles.

Reference:
Chiral Catalysts,
Chiral catalysts – SlideShare

In general, if the atoms that make up the ring contain heteroatoms, such rings become heterocycles, and organic compounds containing heterocycles are called heterocyclic compounds. An article called Oxidative and reductive degradation of mixed contaminants by bifunctional aluminum, published in 2006-01-31, which mentions a compound: 542-58-5, Name is 2-Chloroethyl acetate, Molecular C4H7ClO2, COA of Formula: C4H7ClO2.

Transformation of various contaminants including carbon tetrachloride (CT), Me tert-Bu ether (MTBE), trichloroethylene (TCE), and bis(2-chloroethyl) ether (BCEE) using bifunctional aluminum was examined in batch reactors. Reductive degradation was observed only in reactions with CT while MTBE, TCE, and BCEE underwent oxidative pathways. In a batch reactor containing both CT and MTBE, oxidation of MTBE and reduction of CT by bifunctional aluminum took place simultaneously in the presence of oxygen. The MTBE was degraded to tert-Bu formate, tert-Bu alc., acetone, Me acetate, and isobutene while the reduction of CT produced chloroform and dichloromethane. This indicates that bifunctional aluminum has a dual functionality of decomposing both oxidatively and reductively degradable contaminants together. Aluminum metal serves as a reductant while oxygen acts as an oxidant. Oxidizing capacity of bifunctional aluminum, resulted from reductive activation of dioxygen (O2), is dependent on both oxygen level and effectiveness of reductants. It was found that the redox potential of reaction systems can function as a simple indicator to determine the oxidizing capacity of bifunctional aluminum.

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Reference:
Chiral Catalysts,
Chiral catalysts – SlideShare

Synthetic Route of C4H6O4. The protonation of heteroatoms in aromatic heterocycles can be divided into two categories: lone pairs of electrons are in the aromatic ring conjugated system; and lone pairs of electrons do not participate. Compound: 4-(Hydroxymethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, is researched, Molecular C4H6O4, CAS is 931-40-8, about Functionalized quaternary ammonium salt ionic liquids (FQAILs) as an economic and efficient catalyst for synthesis of glycerol carbonate from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate. Author is Elhaj, Elrasheed; Wang, Huajun; Gu, Yanlong.

A series of functionalized quaternary ammonium salt ionic liquids (FQAILs) with different functional groups, such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, ether group, and amino, were prepared and used as a catalyst for the synthesis of glycerol carbonate from transesterification of glycerol and di-Me carbonate without any addnl. organic solvent and co-catalyst. The effects of functional groups, anions (Cl-, Br-, I-, OH-), and reaction parameters were investigated in detail. It is found that both the cation and anion of FQAILs display an important effect on its catalytic activity. Among these FQAILs, hydroxyl functionalized ionic liquid, [HPTPA]OH possesses the highest activity because there are the strong interactions between hydroxyl and di-Me carbonate mol. and between anion OH- and glycerol mol., which were shown by FTIR spectra. The glycerol conversion of 96.2% and glycerol carbonate yield of 87.6% can be obtained over [HPTPA]OH under moderate conditions of reaction temperature of 80 °C, reaction time of 90 min, di-Me carbonate/glycerol molar ratio of 3, and catalyst amount of 0.9 mol% based on glycerol amount The [HPTPA]OH catalyst can be reused at least three cycles without significant reduction in its catalytic activity. Finally, a possible reaction mechanism for the synthesis of glycerol carbonate is also proposed.

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Reference:
Chiral Catalysts,
Chiral catalysts – SlideShare

SDS of cas: 13925-00-3. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: 2-Ethylpyrazine, is researched, Molecular C6H8N2, CAS is 13925-00-3, about Evaluation of genetic divergence of coffee genotypes using the volatile compounds and sensory attributes profile. Author is Machado, Jessica Louzada; Tomaz, Marcelo Antonio; da Luz, Jose Maria Rodrigues; Osorio, Vanessa Moreira; Costa, Adilson Vidal; Colodetti, Tafarel Victor; Debona, Danieli Grancieri; Pereira, Lucas Louzada.

The quality of the coffee beverage is related to the chem., phys., and sensory attributes of the coffee beans that vary with the geog. location of the crop, genetic factors, and post-harvest processing. So, the objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic divergence of 27 genotypes of Coffea canephora using the volatile compounds and sensory attributes profile to select genotypes that produce a coffee beverage with high sensory quality. This genetic diversity was estimated from the Euclidean distance matrix using non-standard data and the Unweighted Pair-Group Method Using Arithmetic Averages (UPGMA). The 2-furyl-methanol, 4-ethenyl-2-methoxyphenol, furfural, 5-methylfurfural, methylpyrazine, and 2,6-dimethylpyrazine were predominating volatile compounds in the genotypes. The sensory attributes had a pos. Pearson’s correlation with the total score. The volatile compounds had a different relative contribution to the genetic divergence between the genotypes of C. canephora. The 4-ethenyl-2-methoxyphenol, 2-furyl-methanol, and furfural were volatile compounds that most contributed to the formation of the groups in the UPGMA dendrogram. The relative contribution of sensory attributes to dissimilarity among genotypes was 6.42% to 20.20%. Therefore, this study verified the relative contribution of volatile compounds, in specially 4-ethenyl-2-methoxyphenol, 2-furyl-methanol, and furfural, and sensory attributes (flavor, mouthfeel, and bitterness/sweetness) to the genetic divergence between the genotypes of the three clonal varieties. Thus, this work points out compounds that pos. contribute to the sensory quality of the Conilon coffee beverage.

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Reference:
Chiral Catalysts,
Chiral catalysts – SlideShare

Safety of 4-(Hydroxymethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-one. The fused heterocycle is formed by combining a benzene ring with a single heterocycle, or two or more single heterocycles. Compound: 4-(Hydroxymethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, is researched, Molecular C4H6O4, CAS is 931-40-8, about Disposable baby diapers waste derived catalyst for synthesizing glycerol carbonate by the transesterification of glycerol with dimethyl carbonate. Author is Wang, Song; Wang, Jianye; Sun, Pengliang; Xu, Lanlan; Okoye, Patrick U.; Li, Sanxi; Zhang, Linnan; Guo, Anbang; Zhang, Jin; Zhang, Ailing.

In this work, the superabsorbent polymer (SAP) in the disposable baby diapers waste (DBDW) was carbonized at different temperatures to prepare a series of base catalysts. The carbonization behavior of the SAP was examined by thermogravimetric anal. (TGA). The structure and morphol. of the as-prepared catalysts were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmet-Teller surface area measurement (BET), and acid-base titration technique. The catalytic ability of these catalysts in the transesterification reaction of glycerol with di-Me carbonate (DMC) was compared. Among them, the catalyst prepared by the carbonization of the SAP collected from the DBDW at 500 °C in nitrogen was the most suitable one for the synthesis of glycerol carbonate (GC) by the transesterification of glycerol with DMC. This catalyst showed good catalytic activity with the glycerol conversion of 95.6% and GC yield of 93.6%. Moreover, it exhibited high reusability after eight-time reuse in the reaction.

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Reference:
Chiral Catalysts,
Chiral catalysts – SlideShare

Most of the natural products isolated at present are heterocyclic compounds, so heterocyclic compounds occupy an important position in the research of organic chemistry. A compound: 10466-61-2, is researched, SMILESS is N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(N)=O.[H]Cl, Molecular C6H15ClN2OJournal, Article, Amino Acids called Specific recognition of a tetrahedral phosphonamidate transition state analog group by a recombinant antibody Fab fragment, Author is Hua, T. D.; Lamaty, F.; Souriau, C.; Rolland-Fulcrand, V.; Lazaro, R.; Viallefont, P.; Lefranc, M.-P.; Weill, M., the main research direction is peptide synthesis antibody Fab phosphonamidate hapten.SDS of cas: 10466-61-2.

In order to obtain antibodies able to catalyze a peptide synthesis, a naive combinatorial library of human Fab antibody fragments was screened with the phosphonamidate transition state analog of the reaction. Several Fab fragments were able to bind the analog. Competitive binding studies performed with mols. containing representative parts of the hapten showed that two Fabs were able to recognize specifically the tetrahedral phosphorus present in the hapten.

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Reference:
Chiral Catalysts,
Chiral catalysts – SlideShare

Most of the compounds have physiologically active properties, and their biological properties are often attributed to the heteroatoms contained in their molecules, and most of these heteroatoms also appear in cyclic structures. A Journal, Comparative Study, Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov’t, International Journal of Peptide & Protein Research called Kinetics of peptide synthesis studied by fluorescence of fluorophenyl esters, Author is Permyakov, Eugene A.; Medvedkin, Vyacheslav N.; Klimenko, Lyubov V.; Mitin, Yuri V.; Permyakov, Serge E. Jr., which mentions a compound: 10466-61-2, SMILESS is N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(N)=O.[H]Cl, Molecular C6H15ClN2O, Recommanded Product: H-Leu-NH2.HCl.

The kinetics of peptide coupling of protected alanine active esters Boc-Ala-OR [R = 2,3,5-trifluorophenyl (Trf), p-chlorotetrafluorophenyl (Tfc), pentafluorophenyl (Pfp), 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl (Tfp)] with leucine amide and valine Me ester have been measured using changes in fluorophenyl chromophore emission at 375 nm. The kinetic data cannot be well fit with a simple second-order reaction scheme. Measurements of the reaction kinetics at different concentrations of the reagents showed that the expression for the reaction rate is V = kCN0.5CAE1.5, in which k is the reaction rate constant, CN is the concentration of either H-Leu-NH2 or H-Val-OMe, and CAE is the concentration of the fluorophenyl ester. This reaction equation indicates a complex, probably chain-like, reaction mechanism. The order of reactivity for these active esters with H-Val-OMe is Tfc > Pfp > Tfp > Trf. The apparent rate constant, k, for the reaction with H-Leu-NH2 is higher than that for the reaction with H-Val-OMe.

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Reference:
Chiral Catalysts,
Chiral catalysts – SlideShare

The preparation of ester heterocycles mostly uses heteroatoms as nucleophilic sites, which are achieved by intramolecular substitution or addition reactions. Compound: 2-Ethylpyrazine( cas:13925-00-3 ) is researched.Reference of 2-Ethylpyrazine.Calva-Estrada, S. J.; Utrilla-Vazquez, M.; Vallejo-Cardona, A.; Roblero-Perez, D. B.; Lugo-Cervantes, E. published the article 《Thermal properties and volatile compounds profile of commercial dark-chocolates from different genotypes of cocoa beans (Theobroma cacao L.) from Latin America》 about this compound( cas:13925-00-3 ) in Food Research International. Keywords: Theobroma cacao thermal property volatile compound dark chocolate genotype; 2,3-Butanediol (PubChem CID 262); 2-Methylpropanoic acid (PubChem CID 6590); 2-Nonanone (PubChem CID 13187); 2-Phenylethyl acetate (PubChem CID 7654); 2-Phenylethyl alcohol (PubChem CID 6054); 3-Methyl-butanal (PubChem CID 11552); Benzaldehyde (PubChem CID 240); Chemometrics; Differential scanning calorimetry; Furfural (PubChem CID 7362); Hierarchical cluster analysis heatmap; Polymorphism; Principal component analysis; Tetramethylpyrazine (PubChem CID 14296); Trimethylpyrazine (PubChem CID 26808). Let’s learn more about this compound (cas:13925-00-3).

There is a growing interest in the identification of chemometric markers that allow the distinction and authentication of dark-chocolates according to their cocoa geog. origin and/or genotype. However, samples derived from Latin American cocoa, including specimens from North and South America, have not been studied in this context. An exploration of the melting behavior, fat composition, bioactive content, and volatile profile of com. darkchocolates was conducted to identify possible patterns related to the genotype and/or origin of cocoa from Latin America. The melting properties were evaluated by DSC and related to fat content and fatty acids profile. Total polyphenol, anthocyanin, methylxanthine, and catechin content were analyzed. Finally, the volatile compounds were extracted and identified by HS-SPME/GC-MS and were analyzed through Principal Component Anal. (PCA) and the Hierarchical Cluster Anal. Heatmap (HCA Heatmap). The fatty acids profile showed a relationship with the melting properties of dark chocolate. The samples exhibited two glass-transition temperatures (Tg) at 19°C and 25.5°C, possibly related to traces of unstable polymorphic forms of monounsaturated triacylglycerides. The anal. of bioactive compounds demonstrated great variability among samples independent of the cocoa origin, genotype, and content. The PCA and HCA Heatmaps allowed discriminating against the chocolates in relation to the cocoa origin and genotype. Compounds like tetramethylpyrazine, trimethylpyrazine, benzaldehyde, and furfural could be considered as dark-chocolate aroma markers derived from Latin American cocoas (North American region). The 2-phenylethyl alc., 2-methylpropanoic acid, 2,3-butanediol, 2-nonanone, and limonene for derived from South America. And the 2-phenylethyl acetate, 3-methyl-butanal, and cinnamaldehyde could allow to distinguishing between regional genotypes.

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Reference:
Chiral Catalysts,
Chiral catalysts – SlideShare